Application Layer
The application layer is the seventh level of the seven-layer OSI model. It interfaces directly to and performs common application services for the application processes; it also issues requests to the presentation layer.
The common application layer services provide semantic conversion between associated application processes. Note: Examples of common application services of general interest include the virtual file, virtual terminal, and job transfer and manipulation protocols.
The application layer of the four layer and five layer TCP/IP models corresponds to the application layer, the presentation layer and session layer in the seven layer OSI model.
Examples
- 9P, Plan 9 from Bell Labs distributed file system protocol
- AFP, Apple Filing Protocol
- APPC, Advanced Program-to-Program Communication
- BitTorrent
- BOOTP, Bootstrap Protocol
- CFDP, Coherent File Distribution Protocol
- DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
- DeviceNet
- DNS, Domain Name System (Service) Protocol
- ENRP, Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol
- FastTrack (KaZaa, Grokster, iMesh)
- Finger, User Information Protocol
- Freenet
- FTAM, File Transfer Access and Management
- FTP, File Transfer Protocol
- Gopher, Gopher protocol
- HTTP, HyperText Transfer Protocol
- H.323, Packet-Based Multimedia Communications System
- IMAP, IMAP4, Internet Message Access Protocol (version 4)
- IRCP, Internet Relay Chat Protocol
- LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
- LPD, Line Printer Daemon Protocol
- MIME (S-MIME), Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions and Secure MIME
- Modbus
- MSN Messenger [Instant Messaging Service]
- Netconf
- NFS, Network File System
- NIS, Network Information Service
- NNTP, Network News Transfer Protocol
- NTP, Network Time Protocol
- OSCAR, AOL Instant Messenger Protocol
- PNRP, Peer Name Resolution Protocol
- POP, POP3, Post Office Protocol (version 3)
- Rlogin, Remote Login in UNIX Systems
- RTSP, Real Time Streaming Protocol
- SAP, Session Announcement Protocol
- SDP, Session Description Protocol
- SIP, Session Initiation Protocol
- SLP, Service Location Protocol
- SMB, Server Message Block
- SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
- SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
- SNTP, Simple Network Time Protocol
- SOAP, Simple Object Access Protocol
- SSH, Secure Shell
- TCAP, Transaction Capabilities Application Part
- TELNET, Terminal Emulation Protocol of TCP/IP
- TFTP, Trivial File Transfer Protocol
- TSP, Time Stamp Protocol
- VTP, Virtual Terminal Protocol
- Whois (and RWhois), Remote Directory Access Protocol
- WebDAV
- X.400, Message Handling Service Protocol
- X.500, Directory Access Protocol (DAP)
- XMPP, Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
- Yahoo! Messenger Protocol
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Physical Layer |
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| The physical layer is level one in the seven level OSI model of computer networking as well as in the five... |
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Data Link Layer |
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| The data link layer is layer two of the seven-layer OSI model as well as of the five-layer TCP/IP reference... |
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Network Layer |
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| The network layer is level three of the seven level OSI model as well as of the five layer TCP/IP model... |
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Transport Layer |
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In computing and telecommunications, the transport layer is the second highest layer in the four... |
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Session Layer |
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| The session layer is level five of the seven level OSI model. It responds to service requests from the presentation... |
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Presentation Layer |
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| The presentation layer is the sixth level of the seven layer OSI model. It responds to service requests... |
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Application Layer |
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| The application layer is the seventh level of the seven-layer OSI model. It interfaces directly to and performs... |
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